{"id":50339,"date":"2019-04-19T13:48:10","date_gmt":"2019-04-19T13:48:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/?page_id=50339"},"modified":"2026-03-25T12:35:53","modified_gmt":"2026-03-25T17:35:53","slug":"electronegativity","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/electronegativity\/","title":{"rendered":"Electronegativity"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\t\t\t<div id=\"mmDeferVideoEncompass_o4Uzxo7uC68\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n\t\t\t<picture>\n\t\t\t\t<source srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/circle-play-duotone.webp\" type=\"image\/webp\">\n\t\t\t\t<source srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/circle-play-duotone.png\" type=\"image\/jpeg\"> \n\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"eager\" id=\"videoThumbnailImage_o4Uzxo7uC68\" data-source-videoID=\"o4Uzxo7uC68\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/circle-play-duotone.png\" alt=\"Electronegativity Video\" height=\"464\" width=\"825\" class=\"size-full\" data-matomo-title = \"Electronegativity\">\n\t\t\t<\/picture>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<style>img#videoThumbnailImage_o4Uzxo7uC68:hover {cursor:pointer;} img#videoThumbnailImage_o4Uzxo7uC68 {background-size:contain;background-image:url(\"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/662-electronegativity-3.webp\");}<\/style>\n\t\t\t<script defer>\n\t\t\t  jQuery(\"img#videoThumbnailImage_o4Uzxo7uC68\").click(function() {\n\t\t\t\tlet videoId = jQuery(this).attr(\"data-source-videoID\");\n\t\t\t\tlet helpTag = '<div id=\"mmDeferVideoYTMessage_o4Uzxo7uC68\" style=\"display: none;position: absolute;top: -24px;width: 100%;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;font-size: small;border-top: 1px solid #fc0;\">Having trouble? <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v='+videoId+'\" target=\"_blank\">Click here to watch on YouTube.<\/a><\/span><\/div>';\n\t\t\t\tlet tag = document.createElement(\"iframe\");\n\t\t\t\ttag.id = \"yt\" + videoId;\n\t\t\t\ttag.src = \"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/\" + videoId + \"?autoplay=1&controls=1&wmode=opaque&rel=0&egm=0&iv_load_policy=3&hd=0&enablejsapi=1\";\n\t\t\t\ttag.frameborder = 0;\n\t\t\t\ttag.allow = \"autoplay; fullscreen\";\n\t\t\t\ttag.width = this.width;\n\t\t\t\ttag.height = this.height;\n\t\t\t\ttag.setAttribute(\"data-matomo-title\",\"Electronegativity\");\n\t\t\t\tjQuery(\"div#mmDeferVideoEncompass_o4Uzxo7uC68\").html(tag);\n\t\t\t\tjQuery(\"div#mmDeferVideoEncompass_o4Uzxo7uC68\").prepend(helpTag);\n\t\t\t\tsetTimeout(function(){jQuery(\"div#mmDeferVideoYTMessage_o4Uzxo7uC68\").css(\"display\", \"block\");}, 2000);\n\t\t\t  });\n\t\t\t  \n\t\t\t<\/script>\n\t\t\n<p><script>\nfunction UDx_Function() {\n  var x = document.getElementById(\"UDx\");\n  if (x.style.display === \"none\") {\n    x.style.display = \"block\";\n  } else {\n    x.style.display = \"none\";\n  }\n}\n<\/script><\/p>\n<div class=\"moc-toc hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet\">\n<div><button onclick=\"UDx_Function()\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/toc2.svg\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"show or hide table of contents\"><\/button><\/p>\n<p>On this page<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<nav id=\"UDx\" style=\"display:none;\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toc-h2\"><a href=\"#What_is_Electronegativity\" class=\"smooth-scroll\">What is Electronegativity?<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toc-h2\"><a href=\"#Types_of_Bonds\" class=\"smooth-scroll\">Types of Bonds<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toc-h2\"><a href=\"#Periodic_Table\" class=\"smooth-scroll\">Periodic Table<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/nav>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"accordion\"><input id=\"transcript\" type=\"checkbox\" class=\"spoiler_button\" \/><label for=\"transcript\">Transcript<\/label>\n<div class=\"spoiler\" id=\"transcript-spoiler\">\n<p>Hey everyone, welcome to this Mometrix video over electronegativity.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"What_is_Electronegativity\" class=\"m-toc-anchor\"><\/span>What is Electronegativity?<\/h2>\n<p>\nLet\u2019s jump right into it. Electronegativity measures how strongly atoms pull or attract electrons to themselves to form chemical bonds.<\/p>\n<p>So, the higher the electronegativity of an atom, the stronger the atom\u2019s pull or attraction for electrons.<\/p>\n<p>The electronegativity of an atom is more of a measure of an atom as a part of a molecule. It is not an intrinsic measure of an atom by itself. The reason is because the electronegativity of an atom varies based on the atom\u2019s surroundings or environment. <\/p>\n<p>Atoms, however, typically do exhibit alike behavior regardless of their surroundings, but there is slight variation.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Types_of_Bonds\" class=\"m-toc-anchor\"><\/span>Types of Bonds<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Covalent bond<\/strong> are formed when two atoms, with the same electronegativity, bond together.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Polar covalent bonds<\/strong> are formed when a highly electronegative atom, and an atom with a lower electronegativity form.<\/li>\n<li>An <strong>ionic bond<\/strong> is formed when two atoms have extremely different electronegativities, and one atom basically steals the bonded electrons from the other atom.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Determining_Types_of_Bonds\" class=\"m-toc-anchor\"><\/span>Determining Types of Bonds<\/h3>\n<p>\nYou can tell what type of bond will be formed between two atoms by calculating the difference in their electronegativities. <\/p>\n<p>For example, O<sub>2<\/sub> is joined by a <a class=\"ylist\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/what-are-covalent-bonds\/\">covalent bond<\/a>, because there is no difference in their electronegativities. If two atoms have a difference in electronegativities are below 0.5 then they will be joined by a covalent bond. If the difference in the electronegativities of two atoms is between 0.5 and 1.6, then they will be joined by a polar covalent bond. If the difference is over 2.0, then the bond is ionic. <\/p>\n<p>Now, here is something that is important to note: if the difference in electronegativity is somewhere between 1.6 and 2.0, then check to see if one of the elements is a metal. If there is a metal involved then the bond is ionic, if both are non-metals then the bond is polar covalent.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Periodic_Table\" class=\"m-toc-anchor\"><\/span>Periodic Table<\/h2>\n<p>\nWhen looking at the elements on the <a class=\"ylist\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/periodic-table\/\">periodic table<\/a>, there is a trend in electronegativity. However, this trend does not take place among the noble gases. From left to right, electronegativity typically increases across the periodic table, but decreases as you move down the periodic table. This is, because there is a distance between the valence electron, and the atom\u2019s nucleus. <\/p>\n<p>The element with the highest electronegativity on the periodic table is fluorine, the element with the lowest electronegativity is francium. <\/p>\n<hr>\n<p>\nLet\u2019s do a quick review:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Electronegativity measures how strongly atoms pull electrons towards themselves in a chemical bond.<\/li>\n<li>The higher the difference in electronegativity is between two atoms, then the more polar the bond is between them.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>I hope that this tutorial on electronegativity was helpful to you. See you guys next time!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"home-buttons\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/chemistry\/\">Return to Chemistry Videos<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Return to Chemistry Videos<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":99643,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":{"0":"post-50339","1":"page","2":"type-page","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"page_category-atoms-ions-and-molecules-videos","7":"page_category-chemistry-periodic-table-videos","8":"page_type-video","9":"subject_matter-science"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/50339","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50339"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/50339\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":279358,"href":"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/50339\/revisions\/279358"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99643"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mometrix.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50339"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}